"am" meaning in Middle English

See am in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

Head templates: {{head|enm|pronoun|altform=1}} am
  1. alternative form of hem (“them”) Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: hem (extra: them)
    Sense id: en-am-enm-pron-KI08OMgb
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /am/, /ɛm/ Forms: ame [alternative], em [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English eam, eom, from Proto-West Germanic *im, from Proto-Germanic *immi, first-person singular of *wesaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|eam}} Old English eam, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*im}} Proto-West Germanic *im, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*immi}} Proto-Germanic *immi Head templates: {{head|enm|verb form}} am
  1. first-person singular present indicative of been Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: been
    Sense id: en-am-enm-verb-VdVCu3Ba Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 35 65
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "am"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "am"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "aam"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "am"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eam"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eam",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*im"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *im",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*immi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *immi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eam, eom, from Proto-West Germanic *im, from Proto-Germanic *immi, first-person singular of *wesaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ame",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "em",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "am",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He said: \"I am the voice of a crier in the wilderness; straighten the way of the Lord, as the prophet Isaiah said.\"",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 1:23, folio 43, verso, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "he ſeide / I am a vois of a crier in deſert .· dꝛeſſe ȝe þe weie of þe loꝛd. as yſaie þe pꝛophete ſeide",
          "translation": "He said: \"I am the voice of a crier in the wilderness; straighten the way of the Lord, as the prophet Isaiah said.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of been"
      ],
      "id": "en-am-enm-verb-VdVCu3Ba",
      "links": [
        [
          "been",
          "been#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/am/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "am"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "am",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "them",
          "word": "hem"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hem (“them”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-am-enm-pron-KI08OMgb",
      "links": [
        [
          "hem",
          "hem#Middle_English:_them"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "am"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English non-lemma forms",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verb forms",
    "Pages with 50 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "am"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scots",
      "lang_code": "sco",
      "word": "am"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "aam"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Yola",
      "lang_code": "yol",
      "word": "am"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "eam"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English eam",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*im"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *im",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*immi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *immi",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English eam, eom, from Proto-West Germanic *im, from Proto-Germanic *immi, first-person singular of *wesaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ame",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "em",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "am",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "He said: \"I am the voice of a crier in the wilderness; straighten the way of the Lord, as the prophet Isaiah said.\"",
          "ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 1:23, folio 43, verso, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
          "text": "he ſeide / I am a vois of a crier in deſert .· dꝛeſſe ȝe þe weie of þe loꝛd. as yſaie þe pꝛophete ſeide",
          "translation": "He said: \"I am the voice of a crier in the wilderness; straighten the way of the Lord, as the prophet Isaiah said.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first-person singular present indicative of been"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "been",
          "been#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/am/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛm/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "am"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English alternative forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Pages with 50 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "am",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "them",
          "word": "hem"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of hem (“them”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hem",
          "hem#Middle_English:_them"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "am"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.